Solar Panel Maintenance and Cleaning: What You Need to Know about DIY Cleaning and Performance Boost

Investing in solar panels is a big decision – a lot of time, thought and money goes into choosing the right panels, finding the best installer and arranging for the building and/or installation work to be done.

Once your system is in place, it’s easy to feel that you have done your bit and simply sit back and let the sun – and your solar panels – do all the work. Of course, you should enjoy the feeling of having done the right thing, generating clean, renewable energy and helping the planet move towards a sustainable future. But don’t forget about solar panel cleaning and maintenance – or you could find you are generating only a fraction of the electricity and savings you hoped for.

Regular maintenance and cleaning are a necessary part of maximizing solar panel efficiency and protecting your solar panel investment. According to a study by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), dirty solar panels can lose up to 25% of their energy output due to accumulated dirt and debris. 

Neglecting these essential tasks can lead to a significant drop in energy production, ultimately reducing your savings and increasing long-term costs. Additionally, the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA) reports that regular maintenance can extend the lifespan of your solar panels by several years, ensuring you continue to benefit from renewable energy for as long as possible. 

To make sure you enjoy the full benefits of your solar panels for many years to come, find out how to keep them working in top condition.

Why do solar panels need cleaning and maintenance?

Being outside and subjected to the weather and atmospheric conditions means that, just like your windows, solar panels can become dirty. Dust, pollution, leaves and other debris are blown by the wind, deposited in rain or snow, or transported by birds and insects. 

If the dirt is allowed to remain and build up on the panels, it blocks some of the sunlight, which prevents it from reaching the solar cells and reduces the amount of electricity that is generated.

Studies have shown that even a small layer of dirt can significantly impact performance. For example, research from the University of California, San Diego, found that solar panels covered in just a thin layer of dust can lose up to 7% of their efficiency, while heavily soiled panels can experience a drop in efficiency by as much as 20%.

Regular maintenance and cleaning are essential to ensure that your solar panels operate at peak efficiency.

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) highlights that maintaining a clean surface on your panels can increase solar panel efficiency by up to 30%, depending on your location and environmental factors . This is especially true in areas with high levels of pollution, dust storms, or pollen, where debris can accumulate quickly.

To keep your system performing optimally, it’s important to follow a consistent solar panel maintenance schedule. Scheduling routine inspections and cleanings, especially after the pollen season or a dust storm, can prevent buildup from affecting your energy output. Homeowners often ask about the best way to clean solar panels and whether they can do it themselves. In many cases, the answer is yes—how to clean solar panels yourself effectively involves using the right tools and techniques.

For example, using DIY solar panel cleaning tools like a soft brush and hose can be sufficient for light cleaning. For tougher grime, consider using a mild, non-abrasive soap solution. Avoid using high-pressure washers or harsh chemicals, as these can damage the panels. Instead, opt for gentle methods that protect your investment while ensuring maximum energy generation.

Your system also needs regular checks to ensure that all the electrical and other components are working correctly and safely. Routine checks are also crucial. Beyond cleaning, it’s important to inspect all electrical components regularly to ensure they are functioning correctly and safely. Loose wiring, cracked panels, or other damage can lead to reduced performance or safety hazards. Implementing these solar panel performance tips can help extend the life of your system and safeguard your energy savings.

Boosting solar efficiency: The impact of regular cleaning

A spotlessly clean solar panel will be able to work at its maximum efficiency. Any dirt on the panels reduces efficiency and cuts into your energy savings. Establishing a solar panel maintenance schedule is crucial to ensure that your panels remain clean and perform optimally throughout the year.

When Google studied the performance of their solar panel system in California, they found that cleaning the panels annually, at the end of winter, increased the energy yield by 12%. 

This demonstrates how a well-timed maintenance schedule can directly impact the efficiency of your solar panels. By scheduling regular cleanings, especially during times when dirt and debris are most likely to accumulate, you can maintain peak performance and maximize your energy production.

Other studies have suggested that the energy yield from dirty panels can be reduced by as much as 25% – which means losing out on a quarter of your potential energy bill savings if regular maintenance is neglected. By following a solar panel maintenance schedule, you can mitigate these losses and ensure that your system consistently operates at its best!

Incorporating regular cleaning into your maintenance schedule is also an opportunity to inspect the panels for any signs of damage, such as cracks or loose wiring, which can further affect efficiency. Addressing these issues promptly as part of your scheduled maintenance helps maintain the longevity and performance of your solar panels.

How frequently should you clean solar panels? Expert tips

All solar panel installations are different – many modern panels are self-cleaning and may not need to be cleaned at all.

Your panels may need more or less cleaning depending on the type and manufacturer; location; angle (tilt); surrounding vegetation; wildlife; local industries, traffic or other pollutants; and weather conditions. Ask your installer for advice and check the panel manufacturer’s recommendations. 

For instance, if your panels are located in an area with high levels of pollution, dust, or pollen, or near trees that shed leaves or attract birds, more frequent cleanings might be necessary. In contrast, panels in cleaner environments may require less frequent attention. The conditions may also change with some years needing more cleaning sessions than others. 

The best way to decide whether your panels need cleaning is to look at them.

If you can see dirt or other deposits on the surface, they need cleaning. If your panels are difficult to inspect (up on the roof, for example) then you may be able to tell by monitoring the electricity generation figures. A noticeable drop in energy output may indicate that the panels are dirty and need cleaning.

A good monitoring platform can compare the satellite sunshine data against your system’s performance to see if there has been any deterioration due to dirty panels – ask your installer for advice on the best tools and practices to include in your solar panel maintenance schedule to ensure optimal performance throughout the year.

DIY Solar panel cleaning guide: Tools, tips, and best practices

If your panels do need to be cleaned, you can often do it yourself. Cleaning will also give you an opportunity to check for signs of damage or other problems such as cracks or chips to the panels, loose mounting clips, damaged wiring – or even unexpected residents such as birds’ nests, spider webs or wasp nests – and call in the professionals to deal with any maintenance issues where necessary.

Here is a step-by-step checklist to help you do it the right way:

1. Gather the right tools

Before you begin, it’s important to have the right tools on hand. By using the proper equipment you will be able to clean your panels safely and effectively without causing any damage.

Here is what you need:

Soft brush or broom: A soft brush or broom with a long handle is ideal for gently sweeping away loose debris, leaves, dust, and bird droppings. Avoid stiff bristles as they can scratch the panels.

Non-abrasive sponge or cloth: Use a soft, non-abrasive sponge or microfiber cloth for wiping down the panels. These materials are gentle and won’t leave scratches on the surface.

Garden hose: A standard garden hose with a spray nozzle is perfect for rinsing off dirt and debris. Just be sure to use moderate water pressure to avoid damaging the panels.

Bucket with mild soap solution: Fill a bucket with lukewarm water and add a small amount of mild, non-abrasive soap. Stay away from strong detergents or chemicals, as they could harm the panels.

Squeegee: A squeegee with a soft rubber edge is useful for removing excess water after rinsing, preventing water spots and streaks from forming.

Safety gear: If your panels are roof-mounted, prioritize safety. Use a sturdy ladder, wear non-slip shoes, and consider using a safety harness. Never walk directly on the panels.

2. Clean under the right conditions

Timing is key when it comes to cleaning your solar panels. Choosing the right time of day and weather conditions makes the job easier and more effective. It’s best to clean your panels early in the morning or late in the afternoon when they are cooler. Panels that have been in the sun all day can become very hot. On hot summer days, they can get potentially dangerous when fully heated up. Think of your safety always.

In fact, cloudy days are ideal for cleaning because the panels are cooler, and you won’t be working under direct sunlight. Plus, the cleaning solution won’t evaporate as quickly.

Additionally, if you live in a hard water area, cleaning your panels after a rain shower can be helpful. Rainwater is naturally soft and can help loosen dirt, making the work easier for you.

3. Step-by-step cleaning process

Follow these steps for a thorough and safe cleaning of your solar panels:

Step 1: Turn off the system

Before you start, shut down your solar panel system according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Even though the panels will still generate electricity, turning off the system adds an extra layer of safety.

Step 2: Dry brush first

Start by using your soft brush or broom to remove any loose debris. This helps avoid scratching the panels during the wet cleaning process.

Step 3: Rinse with water

Use the garden hose to gently rinse the panels with water. This helps remove dirt and dust that could scratch the surface if rubbed.

Step 4: Apply soap solution

Dip your non-abrasive sponge or cloth into the mild soap solution and gently wipe the panels. Use circular motions to clean the entire surface, paying extra attention to areas with stubborn dirt or bird droppings.

Step 5: Rinse again

After cleaning with soap, rinse the panels thoroughly with water to remove any soap residue.

Step 6: Dry with squeegee

Use a squeegee to remove excess water from the panels. Start at the top and work your way down, wiping the squeegee blade between strokes to prevent streaks.

4. Extra tips and tricks

Here are some additional tips and tricks to make your DIY solar panel cleaning even more effective:

Use deionized or distilled water: If you live in a hard water area, consider using deionized or distilled water for the final rinse. This type of water doesn’t leave mineral deposits and will not leave behind spots and streaks.

Clean more often during high pollen seasons: If you live in an area with high pollen levels, you may need to clean your panels more often during the spring. Pollen can create a sticky layer that reduces efficiency.

Monitor performance regularly: Keep an eye on your solar panel output before and after cleaning to assess the impact. Monitoring systems can help you determine the effectiveness of your cleaning routine and adjust your maintenance schedule accordingly.

Avoid scratches: Even minor scratches on the glass surface of the panels can reduce their efficiency. Always use soft materials and avoid abrasive cleaners to protect the surface.

Don’t clean in direct sunlight: Cleaning in direct sunlight can cause the cleaning solution to evaporate too quickly, leaving streaks and spots. This can also increase the risk of thermal shock if cold water is applied to hot panels.

Inspect for damage: Cleaning time is also inspection time. As you clean, check for any signs of damage, such as cracks, chips, or loose wiring. Addressing these issues promptly can prevent bigger problems down the road.

Professional solar panel cleaning services: Are they worth it?

If all of the above sounds like just too much effort, or your panels are inaccessible, there are plenty of companies who will clean your solar panels for you. In fact, your installer may offer a maintenance service that includes checking all parts of the system as well as cleaning the panels regularly.

A qualified technician can test your entire system to make sure the electrical components are working safely and effectively, make minor repairs and provide you with a full inspection report. This is worth considering as a standalone service even if you clean the panels yourself.

The benefits of professional cleaning services

Hiring a professional can be especially worthwhile if your solar panels are roof-mounted or located in hard-to-reach areas. Professional cleaners have the right tools and experience to safely clean your panels without risking damage. 

According to industry estimates, regular professional cleaning can improve your solar panel efficiency by up to 30%, especially in areas with high pollution or dust accumulation.

Many solar installers offer maintenance services that go beyond just cleaning. These packages often include a thorough inspection of your entire solar power system, checking for any issues with the electrical components, wiring, and panel mounting. Regular professional maintenance can help identify minor issues before they become major problems, potentially extending the lifespan of your system by several years.

According to the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA), regular maintenance can add up to 5 years to the lifespan of your solar panels.

A qualified technician can provide a detailed inspection report after each visit, giving you peace of mind that your system is functioning safely and efficiently. This can be particularly useful if you are not comfortable with DIY maintenance or if you simply prefer to leave the work to the experts. Even if you prefer to handle the cleaning yourself, scheduling an annual professional check-up is a smart way to ensure that your system remains in top condition.

Whether you choose to do it yourself or opt for a professional service, keeping your solar panels clean is essential to maximizing their performance and your energy savings. If you find that maintaining your panels is too time-consuming or challenging, investing in professional cleaning and maintenance services could be well worth the cost, ensuring you enjoy all the benefits of your solar power system to the fullest.

FAQ: Solar panel maintenance and cleaning

1. Can I use a pressure washer to clean solar panels?

Using a pressure washer to clean your solar panels is not recommended. While pressure washers are effective for cleaning many surfaces, they can be too powerful for the delicate glass on solar panels. 

The high-pressure water can cause damage, including microcracks on the surface, which could reduce your panels’ efficiency over time. Instead, stick to gentler cleaning methods, such as using a garden hose with a spray nozzle and a soft brush or sponge.

2. What happens if I don’t clean my solar panels?

If you don’t clean your solar panels regularly, dirt, dust, bird droppings, and other debris can accumulate on the surface. This buildup blocks sunlight from reaching the solar cells, which reduces the amount of electricity your system generates. 

Studies have shown that dirty panels can lose as much as 25% of their energy output, meaning you could miss out on a significant portion of your potential energy savings. Neglecting to clean your panels can also lead to long-term wear and damage, which results in their shorter lifespan.

3. How to check solar panel performance after cleaning?

After cleaning your solar panels, you should check their performance to see if the cleaning was effective. The easiest way to do this is by monitoring your system’s energy output through your solar monitoring platform. Compare the energy production before and after cleaning to see if there is an improvement. 

Ideally, you should notice an increase in efficiency, particularly if your panels were significantly dirty beforehand. Some monitoring systems also allow you to compare your output with satellite sunshine data, giving you a clear picture of how well your system is performing.

4. Is it safe to clean solar panels?

Yes, it is generally safe to clean solar panels, but there are some precautions to keep in mind to protect your safety and the panels from damage.

A few tips to remember:

#1 Before starting any cleaning, make sure to shut down your solar system according to the manufacturer’s instructions. While the panels will still generate electricity when exposed to sunlight, turning off the system adds an extra layer of safety by preventing electrical shock.

#2 Always use a sturdy ladder and wear non-slip shoes if your panels are roof-mounted. Consider using a safety harness for additional security, especially if the roof is steep or slippery.

#3 Never walk directly on the solar panels. Not only could this cause damage to the panels, but it could also be dangerous for you. Solar panels can be slippery, especially when wet.

#4 To avoid damaging the panels, use a garden hose with a spray nozzle for rinsing and a soft brush or sponge for scrubbing. Avoid high-pressure washers or abrasive materials, which can scratch or crack the panels.

#5 Clean the panels early in the morning or late in the afternoon when they are cooler. Cleaning panels that have been exposed to direct sunlight for hours can be risky because the panels can become extremely hot, increasing the risk of burns or thermal shock when cold water is applied.